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Sleep, Thermoregulation, and Circadian Rhythms

H. Craig Heller, Dale M. Edgar, Dennis A. Grahn, Steven F. Glotzbach

10.1002/cphy.cp040259

Source: Supplement 14: Handbook of Physiology, Environmental Physiology

Originally published: 1996

Published online: January 2011

Full Article on Wiley Online Library



Abstract

The sections in this article are:

1 Influences of Sleep on Thermoregulation
2 Influences of Temperature on Sleep
3 Interactions of Sleep, Thermoregulation, and the Chronobiological Environment
4 Interactive Systems in Torpor and Hibernation
5 Conclusions
Figure 1. Figure 1.

Temporal variation in the longest wake and sleep bout lengths in intact and SCN‐lesioned squirrel monkeys. Note the reduction in wake bout lengths during what would otherwise be the subjective day (circadian time 0‐12) in the SCN‐lesioned population. Data are shown as population means (solid lines) ± SEM (broken lines). N = 5 in each group.

Reprinted from reference 26
Figure 2. Figure 2.

(a) Relationship of metabolic responses to temperature manipulations of the spinal cord in a pigeon plotted as a function of light or dark phase of the daily cycle and for the dark phase, whether the bird was awake or asleep. Time of day accounted for about a 1°C shift in threshold. (b) Axillary and spinal temperature thresholds during the transition from light to dark phase of the daily cycle. In each case panting threshold was determined first during sleep. The bird was then awakened by acoustic stimulation, and panting threshold was again determined.

Reprinted from reference 40 with permission
Figure 3. Figure 3.

Body temperature (Tb) vs. time of a golden‐mantled ground squirrel during euthermia and Tb vs. time of a golden‐mantled ground squirrel during hibernation and periodic arousals under constant dim red light at 10°C ambient temperature (a = euthermia; b = hibernation and periodic arousals; c = within a hibernation bout).
Figure 4. Figure 4.

Hibernation bout length for golden‐mantled ground squirrels plotted as a function of the intrabout circadian period determined from autocorrelation analysis of telemetered body temperature records. Whereas the circadian periods vary greatly from bout to bout even in the same animal and for contiguous bouts of hibernation, bout length is always a whole integer multiple of the intrabout circadian period.

Reprinted from reference 42 with permission
Figure 5. Figure 5.

Plots of brain temperature and electroencephalogram (EEG) delta power (μ,V2/Hz) during arousal from hibernation, interbout euthermia, and reentry into hibernation for one animal following a long bout (4.25 days, A) and a short bout (1.5 days, B) of hibernation. Bold arrow in B indicates start of sensory stimulation that initiated the arousal from hibernation after 1.5 days. Arousal in A was spontaneous. For each 10 s epoch EEG delta power is depicted, and brain temperature curve connects averages of six consecutive 10 s epochs. Solid vertical bars at the bottom of each panel show NREM sleep.

Reprinted from reference 116 with permission


Figure 1.

Temporal variation in the longest wake and sleep bout lengths in intact and SCN‐lesioned squirrel monkeys. Note the reduction in wake bout lengths during what would otherwise be the subjective day (circadian time 0‐12) in the SCN‐lesioned population. Data are shown as population means (solid lines) ± SEM (broken lines). N = 5 in each group.

Reprinted from reference 26


Figure 2.

(a) Relationship of metabolic responses to temperature manipulations of the spinal cord in a pigeon plotted as a function of light or dark phase of the daily cycle and for the dark phase, whether the bird was awake or asleep. Time of day accounted for about a 1°C shift in threshold. (b) Axillary and spinal temperature thresholds during the transition from light to dark phase of the daily cycle. In each case panting threshold was determined first during sleep. The bird was then awakened by acoustic stimulation, and panting threshold was again determined.

Reprinted from reference 40 with permission


Figure 3.

Body temperature (Tb) vs. time of a golden‐mantled ground squirrel during euthermia and Tb vs. time of a golden‐mantled ground squirrel during hibernation and periodic arousals under constant dim red light at 10°C ambient temperature (a = euthermia; b = hibernation and periodic arousals; c = within a hibernation bout).



Figure 4.

Hibernation bout length for golden‐mantled ground squirrels plotted as a function of the intrabout circadian period determined from autocorrelation analysis of telemetered body temperature records. Whereas the circadian periods vary greatly from bout to bout even in the same animal and for contiguous bouts of hibernation, bout length is always a whole integer multiple of the intrabout circadian period.

Reprinted from reference 42 with permission


Figure 5.

Plots of brain temperature and electroencephalogram (EEG) delta power (μ,V2/Hz) during arousal from hibernation, interbout euthermia, and reentry into hibernation for one animal following a long bout (4.25 days, A) and a short bout (1.5 days, B) of hibernation. Bold arrow in B indicates start of sensory stimulation that initiated the arousal from hibernation after 1.5 days. Arousal in A was spontaneous. For each 10 s epoch EEG delta power is depicted, and brain temperature curve connects averages of six consecutive 10 s epochs. Solid vertical bars at the bottom of each panel show NREM sleep.

Reprinted from reference 116 with permission
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Article Title: Sleep, Thermoregulation, and Circadian Rhythms
 

How to Cite

H. Craig Heller, Dale M. Edgar, Dennis A. Grahn, Steven F. Glotzbach. Sleep, Thermoregulation, and Circadian Rhythms. Compr Physiol 2011, Supplement 14: Handbook of Physiology, Environmental Physiology: 1361-1374. First published in print 1996. doi: 10.1002/cphy.cp040259