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Neuroimmunomodulation: Neuroimmune Interactions with the Environment

Novera Herbert Spector, Svetlana Dolina, Germaine Cornelissen, Franz Halberg, Branislav M. Marković, Branislav D. Janković

10.1002/cphy.cp040268

Source: Supplement 14: Handbook of Physiology, Environmental Physiology

Originally published: 1996

Published online: January 2011

Full Article on Wiley Online Library



Abstract

The sections in this article are:

1 Preface
2 Integrative Physiology of Neuroimmunomodulation (NIM)
2.1 Environmental Stimuli (“Stressors”) and Immunity
2.2 Gravitational and Positional Stimuli
3 Endo‐ and Exoenvironmental Rhythms
4 Conditioning and NIM
5 Conclusions
Figure 1. Figure 1.

Continuously interacting spheres of physiological functions: all are interacting continuously with the external and internal environments.
Figure 2. Figure 2.

Outline of the internal circuitry in response to and interaction with triggers (stimuli that reach physiological thresholds) from the external and internal environments. Among the factors not shown in this cartoon are the conditions of the substrate (nutrition, chronome: genome, etc.) and the ever‐changing conditions of the external and internal environments.

Modified from Spector [151], with permission


Figure 1.

Continuously interacting spheres of physiological functions: all are interacting continuously with the external and internal environments.



Figure 2.

Outline of the internal circuitry in response to and interaction with triggers (stimuli that reach physiological thresholds) from the external and internal environments. Among the factors not shown in this cartoon are the conditions of the substrate (nutrition, chronome: genome, etc.) and the ever‐changing conditions of the external and internal environments.

Modified from Spector [151], with permission
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Article Title: Neuroimmunomodulation: Neuroimmune Interactions with the Environment
 

How to Cite

Novera Herbert Spector, Svetlana Dolina, Germaine Cornelissen, Franz Halberg, Branislav M. Marković, Branislav D. Janković. Neuroimmunomodulation: Neuroimmune Interactions with the Environment. Compr Physiol 2011, Supplement 14: Handbook of Physiology, Environmental Physiology: 1537-1550. First published in print 1996. doi: 10.1002/cphy.cp040268