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Trophic Effects of Gut Peptides

Leonard R. Johnson

10.1002/cphy.cp060214

Source: Supplement 17: Handbook of Physiology, The Gastrointestinal System, Neural and Endocrine Biology

Originally published: 1989

Published online: January 2011

Full Article on Wiley Online Library



Abstract

The sections in this article are:

1 History
2 Gastrin
2.1 Effects
2.2 Physiological Significance
2.3 Clinical Significance
3 Cholecystokinin
3.1 Effects
3.2 Physiological Significance
4 Secretin
5 Somatostatin
6 Bombesin
7 Enteroglucagon‐Glucagon
8 Epidermal Growth Factor
9 Other Peptides
10 Summary
Figure 1. Figure 1.

DNA content of tissues from rats injected with saline or pentagastrin (250 μg/kg) expressed as percent of control (NaCl). Stimulation was significant (P < 0.001) for oxyntic gland, duodenal, and colonic mucosa. Bars are means ± SE of observations in 18 rats in each group.

From Johnson 60). Copyright 1977 by The American Gastroenterological Association
Figure 2. Figure 2.

Time course of DNA synthesis in LoVo cells after exposure to 7.2 × 10−10 M gastrin‐17 and in cells incubated in medium not containing gastrin. Cells were released from synchronization and exposed to gastrin at time 0. Each point is mean ± SE of 8 observations. *P < 0.02 compared with same time point in absence of gastrin. Inset: gastrin stimulation as percent of control.

From Kusyk et al. 82
Figure 3. Figure 3.

Correlation of serum gastrin levels and gastrin binding capacities from 8 groups of rats. Serum gastrin levels were lowered by antrectomy, fasting, or liquid diets. Vagotomy and re‐feeding fasted rats raised serum gastrin. Each point is mean ± SE of 6 observations.

From Takeuchi et al. 157
Figure 4. Figure 4.

Time courses of stimulation of RNA, protein, and DNA synthesis in rat oxyntic gland mucosa after a single injection of pentagastrin (250 μg/kg) at time 0. Data are given as percent of values from saline‐injected animals killed at identical times.

From Enochs and Johnson 30
Figure 5. Figure 5.

Plasma cholecystokinin (CCK), pancreatic dry weight, and food intake in rats fed a high‐protein diet (75% casein) for 2 wk from day 1. Each point is mean of values from at least 8 animals. *P < 0.05 compared with values from control rats (5% casein) killed on same days.

Data from Green et al. 45


Figure 1.

DNA content of tissues from rats injected with saline or pentagastrin (250 μg/kg) expressed as percent of control (NaCl). Stimulation was significant (P < 0.001) for oxyntic gland, duodenal, and colonic mucosa. Bars are means ± SE of observations in 18 rats in each group.

From Johnson 60). Copyright 1977 by The American Gastroenterological Association


Figure 2.

Time course of DNA synthesis in LoVo cells after exposure to 7.2 × 10−10 M gastrin‐17 and in cells incubated in medium not containing gastrin. Cells were released from synchronization and exposed to gastrin at time 0. Each point is mean ± SE of 8 observations. *P < 0.02 compared with same time point in absence of gastrin. Inset: gastrin stimulation as percent of control.

From Kusyk et al. 82


Figure 3.

Correlation of serum gastrin levels and gastrin binding capacities from 8 groups of rats. Serum gastrin levels were lowered by antrectomy, fasting, or liquid diets. Vagotomy and re‐feeding fasted rats raised serum gastrin. Each point is mean ± SE of 6 observations.

From Takeuchi et al. 157


Figure 4.

Time courses of stimulation of RNA, protein, and DNA synthesis in rat oxyntic gland mucosa after a single injection of pentagastrin (250 μg/kg) at time 0. Data are given as percent of values from saline‐injected animals killed at identical times.

From Enochs and Johnson 30


Figure 5.

Plasma cholecystokinin (CCK), pancreatic dry weight, and food intake in rats fed a high‐protein diet (75% casein) for 2 wk from day 1. Each point is mean of values from at least 8 animals. *P < 0.05 compared with values from control rats (5% casein) killed on same days.

Data from Green et al. 45
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Article Title: Trophic Effects of Gut Peptides
 

How to Cite

Leonard R. Johnson. Trophic Effects of Gut Peptides. Compr Physiol 2011, Supplement 17: Handbook of Physiology, The Gastrointestinal System, Neural and Endocrine Biology: 291-310. First published in print 1989. doi: 10.1002/cphy.cp060214