Comprehensive Physiology Wiley Online Library

Motilin

Full Article on Wiley Online Library



Abstract

The sections in this article are:

1 Structure, Systhesis, and Heterogeneity
2 Radioimmunoassay and Antigenicity
3 Localization
4 Ontogeny
5 Release
5.1 Intraluminal Factors
5.2 Peptides
5.3 Neural Pathways
5.4 Periodic Release During Fasting
6 In Vivo Effects on Gastrointestinal Motility
6.1 Lower Esophageal Sphincter
6.2 Stomach and Small Intestine
6.3 Gallbladder and Biliary Tract
7 Effects on Gastrointestinal Sceretions
8 Other Effects
9 Mechanism of Action
10 Normal and Abnormal Motilin Levels
11 Conclusions
Figure 1. Figure 1.

Amino acid sequence of porcine motilin and substitutions (top row) found in canine motilin.

Figure 2. Figure 2.

Elution pattern on Sephadex G‐50 superfine of immunoreactive motilin from human antrum (top), duodenum (middle), and jejunum (bottom) with antibody M1 (left) and antibody GP71 (right). Antibody M1 recognizes NH2 terminus of porcine motilin; antibody GP71 recognizes COOH terminus.

From Bloom and Polak 19
Figure 3. Figure 3.

Distribution of motilin in human gastrointestinal tract.

Figure 4. Figure 4.

Endocrine non‐EC cell of human duodenum stained with motilin antiserum and protein immunogold technique. Note deposition of gold particles over secretory granules (× 56,000).

From Usellini et al. 187
Figure 5. Figure 5.

Correlation of motilin values demonstrating close association between motilin fluctuations and occurrence of phase 3 activity in duodenum of 10 human volunteers. Because of variability of MMC cycle, each cycle was divided into 10 time units, and plasma motilin values at these units were calculated by linear interpolation from values originally obtained in samples taken every 10 min. For every volunteer, motilin values were transformed into normal variates, and all data were arranged into continuous string. As shown, autocovariance of transformed motilin values fluctuated sinusoidally, reaching positive and negative peaks every 10 time units. ▾, Ideal position of positive peaks; Δ;, ideal position of negative peaks.

From Peeters et al. 140). Copyright 1980 by The American Gastroenterological Association


Figure 1.

Amino acid sequence of porcine motilin and substitutions (top row) found in canine motilin.



Figure 2.

Elution pattern on Sephadex G‐50 superfine of immunoreactive motilin from human antrum (top), duodenum (middle), and jejunum (bottom) with antibody M1 (left) and antibody GP71 (right). Antibody M1 recognizes NH2 terminus of porcine motilin; antibody GP71 recognizes COOH terminus.

From Bloom and Polak 19


Figure 3.

Distribution of motilin in human gastrointestinal tract.



Figure 4.

Endocrine non‐EC cell of human duodenum stained with motilin antiserum and protein immunogold technique. Note deposition of gold particles over secretory granules (× 56,000).

From Usellini et al. 187


Figure 5.

Correlation of motilin values demonstrating close association between motilin fluctuations and occurrence of phase 3 activity in duodenum of 10 human volunteers. Because of variability of MMC cycle, each cycle was divided into 10 time units, and plasma motilin values at these units were calculated by linear interpolation from values originally obtained in samples taken every 10 min. For every volunteer, motilin values were transformed into normal variates, and all data were arranged into continuous string. As shown, autocovariance of transformed motilin values fluctuated sinusoidally, reaching positive and negative peaks every 10 time units. ▾, Ideal position of positive peaks; Δ;, ideal position of negative peaks.

From Peeters et al. 140). Copyright 1980 by The American Gastroenterological Association
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G. Vantrappen, T. L. Peeters. Motilin. Compr Physiol 2011, Supplement 17: Handbook of Physiology, The Gastrointestinal System, Neural and Endocrine Biology: 545-558. First published in print 1989. doi: 10.1002/cphy.cp060222